{"id":138,"date":"2019-05-16T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-15T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.hostingsystems.co.uk\/uk\/blog\/2019\/05\/16\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/"},"modified":"2024-08-21T16:27:12","modified_gmt":"2024-08-21T15:27:12","slug":"court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/","title":{"rendered":"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues"},"content":{"rendered":"

In a Judgment handed down yesterday, the Court of Appeal considered for the first time in over ten years issues regarding the effect of a notification of a \u201ccircumstance\u201d to a professional indemnity policy:\u00a0Euro Pools plc v RSA\u00a0<\/em>[2019] EWCA Civ 808 [1].<\/p>\n

Introduction<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

The commercial background to the dispute was unusual. Typically, a policyholder will argue that its notification was wide in scope, so that in due course its notification will \u201ccatch\u201d any ensuing claims.\u00a0By contrast, the insurer to whom the notification was made will typically argue that the scope of the notification was narrow (or, sometimes, wholly ineffective), so that it is in a position to resist indemnifying the policyholder for the later claim(s).<\/p>\n

Here the position was reversed. The insurer (RSA) argued that the notification in question\u00a0was<\/em>\u00a0sufficiently wide to catch the later claims; and the policyholder argued that its original notification was very narrow, so that accordingly the claims in question could be said to arise from the (unquestionably wider) notification which it had made to its successive policy.<\/p>\n

The reason for this apparent role reversal was the simple fact that the indemnity limit under the original policy (which was on an aggregate basis, not \u201cper claim\u201d) was exhausted, so that the policyholder needed to establish that the later policy (also written, as it happens, by RSA) would respond.<\/p>\n

The facts<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

Euro Pools plc (\u201cEuro Pools\u201d) designed and installed swimming pools.\u00a0One particular feature which it offered was the inclusion of vertical \u201cbooms\u201d, which could be raised and lowered in order to compartmentalise the pool.<\/p>\n

Initially, the booms were powered by an air drive system, whereby air would be pumped into and out of stainless steel tanks housed within the booms.<\/p>\n

In February 2007, Euro Pools notified its 2006\/07 policy (\u201cthe First Policy\u201d) that the booms weren\u2019t working. This was, it said, because of a perceived problem with the stainless-steel tanks.\u00a0Euro Pools proposed an inexpensive solution whereby inflatable bags would be used instead of the steel tanks.<\/p>\n

In June 2007, just before expiry of the First Policy, Euro Pools supplemented its original notification by informing RSA that, while it was continuing to replace the tanks with inflatable bags, the cost of which it expected would fall within its excess, it nevertheless wished\u00a0\u201cto ensure the matter [was] logged on a precautionary basis should there be any future problems\u201d<\/em>. [2]<\/p>\n

Thereafter, during the course of its 2007\/08 policy (\u201cthe Second Policy\u201d, also written, as I have said, by RSA), it became apparent to Euro Pools that the inflatable bags were no more successful than the stainless steels tanks had been, and that the air drive system would need to be replaced with a hydraulic system – which would be far more expensive.\u00a0Indeed, it appears that, with a view to preventing its customers from making claims against it, ultimately Euro Pools spent about \u00a32m replacing the air drive system with a hydraulic system.<\/p>\n

By this time, the limit under the First Policy was exhausted. The issue was therefore whether the \u00a32m of mitigation costs had been spent in avoiding putative claims which, had they been made, would have arisen out of the circumstance(s) notified to the First Policy.<\/p>\n

The Court of Appeal\u2019s Judgment<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

Euro Pools argued that its notifications in February and June 2007 to the First Policy had been confined to a problem with the stainless-steel tanks.\u00a0Relying on the principle that one cannot notify a circumstance of which one is not aware, Euro Pools submitted that when notifying the First Policy it had not been aware of a possible problem with the inflatable bags, let alone with any inherent defect in the air drive system generally, and thus could not have been notifying either of those as a \u201ccircumstance\u201d.<\/p>\n

That argument was accepted at first instance by Moulder J, who thus held, to RSA\u2019s disappointment, that the Second Policy did respond.\u00a0However, some commentators had criticised this decision on the basis that the Judge had confused the ability to notify a problem (here, that that the booms were not working) with the\u00a0cause<\/em>\u00a0of that problem.\u00a0As earlier cases such as\u00a0Kidsons<\/em>\u00a0[3] and\u00a0Kajima\u00a0<\/em>had had held, it is open to a policyholder to make a \u201chornets\u2019 nest\u201d notification – ie, a general notification of a problem, even where the cause of the problem and\/or its potential consequences are not yet known.<\/p>\n

The Court of Appeal (Hamblen LJ, Males LJ, and Dame Elizabeth Gloster) largely echoed those criticisms, and held that the notification to the First Policy had\u00a0not\u00a0<\/em>been confined to the failure of the steel tanks and the consequential need to replace them with inflatable bags.\u00a0Instead, the Court of Appeal agreed with RSA that the circumstances notified in February 2007 were that\u00a0\u201cmultiple failures had taken place in relation to the [booms] and\u2026.[Euro Pools] was not sure what was causing the failures\u201d<\/em>\u00a0and that the circumstances notified in June 2007 were that\u00a0\u201cin the face of continuing boom failures, Euro Pools had developed a potential solution involving the use of inflatable bags, but that it nevertheless wished to make a notification in case of \u2018any future problems\u2019 giving rise to possible third party Claims\u201d.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cIn other words,\u201d<\/em>\u00a0said the Court of Appeal,\u00a0\u201cEuro Pools appreciated that it might not have got to the bottom of the problem in the sense of understanding what the root cause of the booms\u2019 failure was. Thus, although Euro Pools hoped that it could make the boom design work by using bags in place of tanks, and that solution would fall within the deductible, it nonetheless wanted to make a general precautionary notification.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

In allowing the appeal, the Court of Appeal has re-stated the orthodox approach, as set out in previous cases such as\u00a0Kidsons<\/em>,\u00a0Kajima<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0McManus\u00a0<\/em>[5]. Although the Court of Appeal\u2019s decision was undoubtedly disappointing to this particular policyholder, in the long run its approach is likely to be beneficial to policyholders since it will assist them when, as is often the case, they wish to make a precautionary notification of a problem when the cause of that problem and\/or its potential consequences are as yet unknown.<\/p>\n

Notes:<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0The full Judgement is here:\u00a0https:\/\/www.bailii.org\/ew\/cases\/EWCA\/Civ\/2019\/808.html<\/a><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0This request seems to have been prompted by a realisation on the part of Euro Pools\u2019 broker that, owing to an administrative error, RSA had not opened a claims file following the original notification in February 2007.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0HLB Kidsons (a firm) v Lloyd\u2019s Underwriters<\/em>\u00a0[2008] Lloyd\u2019s Rep IR 237.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0Kajima UK Engineering Limited v The Underwriter Insurance Company Limited<\/em>[2008] EWHC 83.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0McManus v European Risk Insurance Co<\/em>\u00a0[2013] Lloyd\u2019s Rep IR 533.<\/p>\n

Jonathan Corman<\/a> is a partner at Fenchurch Law.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In a Judgment handed down yesterday, the Court of Appeal considered for the first time in over ten years issues […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":97,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[271,71,120,122,215,217],"class_list":["post-138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-professional-risks","tag-jonathan-corman","tag-rsa","tag-court-of-appeal","tag-euro-pools","tag-notifications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCourt of Appeal plunges into notification issues - Fenchurch Law UK<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues - Fenchurch Law UK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In a Judgment handed down yesterday, the Court of Appeal considered for the first time in over ten years issues […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Fenchurch Law UK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-05-15T23:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-21T15:27:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/08\/gavel.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"665\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jonathan Corman\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jonathan Corman\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jonathan Corman\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/135e435352cd2d347313c1046f07bfac\"},\"headline\":\"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-05-15T23:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-21T15:27:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1124,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/6\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/gavel.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Professional Risks\",\"Jonathan Corman\",\"RSA\",\"Court of Appeal\",\"Euro Pools\",\"notifications\"],\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/\",\"name\":\"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues - Fenchurch Law UK\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/6\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/gavel.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-05-15T23:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-21T15:27:12+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/135e435352cd2d347313c1046f07bfac\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/6\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/gavel.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/6\\\/2024\\\/08\\\/gavel.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":665,\"caption\":\"Fenchurch Law gavel\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/\",\"name\":\"Fenchurch Law UK\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/135e435352cd2d347313c1046f07bfac\",\"name\":\"Jonathan Corman\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c618ad96e4133aed6e2872019d6590ae06095495c660ffd629ca976c5ef8bbf4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c618ad96e4133aed6e2872019d6590ae06095495c660ffd629ca976c5ef8bbf4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c618ad96e4133aed6e2872019d6590ae06095495c660ffd629ca976c5ef8bbf4?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Jonathan Corman\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/fenchurchlaw.com\\\/en-uk\\\/author\\\/jonathancorman\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues - Fenchurch Law UK","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues - Fenchurch Law UK","og_description":"In a Judgment handed down yesterday, the Court of Appeal considered for the first time in over ten years issues […]","og_url":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/","og_site_name":"Fenchurch Law UK","article_published_time":"2019-05-15T23:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-08-21T15:27:12+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":665,"url":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/08\/gavel.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Jonathan Corman","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Jonathan Corman","Estimated reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/"},"author":{"name":"Jonathan Corman","@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/#\/schema\/person\/135e435352cd2d347313c1046f07bfac"},"headline":"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues","datePublished":"2019-05-15T23:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-21T15:27:12+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/"},"wordCount":1124,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/08\/gavel.jpg","keywords":["Professional Risks","Jonathan Corman","RSA","Court of Appeal","Euro Pools","notifications"],"articleSection":["News"],"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/","url":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/","name":"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues - Fenchurch Law UK","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/08\/gavel.jpg","datePublished":"2019-05-15T23:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-21T15:27:12+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/#\/schema\/person\/135e435352cd2d347313c1046f07bfac"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/08\/gavel.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2024\/08\/gavel.jpg","width":1000,"height":665,"caption":"Fenchurch Law gavel"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/court-of-appeal-plunges-into-notification-issues\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Court of Appeal plunges into notification issues"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/#website","url":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/","name":"Fenchurch Law UK","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/#\/schema\/person\/135e435352cd2d347313c1046f07bfac","name":"Jonathan Corman","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c618ad96e4133aed6e2872019d6590ae06095495c660ffd629ca976c5ef8bbf4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c618ad96e4133aed6e2872019d6590ae06095495c660ffd629ca976c5ef8bbf4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c618ad96e4133aed6e2872019d6590ae06095495c660ffd629ca976c5ef8bbf4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Jonathan Corman"},"url":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/author\/jonathancorman\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/68"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=138"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":980,"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/138\/revisions\/980"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/97"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}