{"id":323,"date":"2023-07-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-12T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.hostingsystems.co.uk\/sg\/blog\/2023\/07\/13\/cladding-pi-notifications-a-view-from-down-under\/"},"modified":"2024-08-21T16:30:00","modified_gmt":"2024-08-21T15:30:00","slug":"cladding-pi-notifications-a-view-from-down-under","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-sg\/cladding-pi-notifications-a-view-from-down-under\/","title":{"rendered":"Cladding PI Notifications – A View from Down Under"},"content":{"rendered":"

A recent decision in the Federal Court of Australia provides guidance on broad professional indemnity insurance notifications for external cladding works, confirming that a wide problem may be validly notified with reference to appropriate supporting information – MS Amlin Corporate Member Ltd v LU Simon Builders Pty Ltd<\/em> [2023] FCA 581.<\/p>\n

A full copy of the judgment can be found here.<\/a><\/p>\n

The Policies<\/strong><\/p>\n

LU Simon Builders Pty Ltd and LU Simon Builders (Management) Pty Ltd (the \u201cPolicyholders\u201d<\/strong>) operated a construction and project management business.\u00a0 Professional indemnity (\u201cPI\u201d<\/strong>) insurance was arranged through local Australian and London placing brokers for the 2014\/2015 period, including excess layers.<\/p>\n

The insuring clause provided cover for civil liability arising from claims first made against the Policyholders during the policy period, and reliance was placed upon section 40(3) of the Insurance Contracts Act 1984, whereby an insurer is also liable for claims made after expiry of the period of insurance:<\/p>\n

\u201cwhere the insured gave notice in writing to the insurer of facts that might give rise to a claim against the insured as soon as was reasonably practicable after the insured became aware of those facts but before the insurance cover provided by the contract expired<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

This creates a statutory mechanism similar to the common position in the English PI market, where\u00a0 claims made covers are frequently extended to allow notification of circumstances known to the policyholder that may give rise to a claim: if notification of circumstances is made during the policy period then the third party claim itself \u2013 even though it may actually come in at a later date \u2013 is deemed to have been made during that same policy year.<\/p>\n

The Claims<\/strong><\/p>\n

In 2019 proceedings were commenced against the Policyholders by developers and owners of Atlantis Towers in Melbourne, alleging that unsuitable \u201dAlcotex\u201d aluminium composite panels (\u201cACP\u201d<\/strong>) were used as cladding for the building (the \u201cAtlantis Claims\u201d<\/strong>).\u00a0 The Policyholders sought indemnity for the Atlantis Claims, and excess layer insurers applied for a declaration that the PI policies would not respond.<\/p>\n

The Atlantis Claims came about following investigation by the Metropolitan Fire Brigade (the \u201cFire Brigade\u201d<\/strong>) and Municipal Building Surveyor for the City of Melbourne (the \u201cMunicipal Surveyor\u201d<\/strong>) into a fire on 25 November 2014 at Lacrosse Tower, another building constructed by the Policyholders.\u00a0 The investigation found that ACP at Lacrosse Tower (Alucobest) was not compliant with the Building Code of Australia, and had contributed to the rapid spread of fire.<\/p>\n

The Victorian Building Authority (the \u201cBuilding Authority\u201d<\/strong>) subsequently commenced an investigation and audited around 170 high-rise buildings in Melbourne.\u00a0 The Building Authority concluded that ACP on the Atlantis Tower (Alcotex) was combustible, and Building Orders were issued requiring replacement.<\/p>\n

The Notifications<\/strong><\/p>\n

The dispute centred around two notification emails headed \u201cPotential Claim\u201d, sent to insurers in May 2015, neither of which identified Atlantis Towers or the Alcotex brand of ACP which had been used in its construction.<\/p>\n

The first notification email referred to: \u201ca notification of circumstances that may result in a claim under [the Policyholders\u2019] Policy \u2026 Really most of the noise is around the press release \u2026 No formal claim has been made against [the Policyholders] at this point in time\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\n

The email attached: (1) a newspaper article dated 28 April 2015, referring to the Building Authority\u2019s investigation into the Policyholders\u2019 building practices, to identify whether non-compliant ACP had been used elsewhere; and (2) a document headed \u201cLacrosse Apartments – Docklands\u201d including commentary from the managing director of the Policyholders in relation to ACP having been widely used in Australia for decades with \u201cno like product passing the test for combustibility\u201d<\/em>, and referencing a potential class action by owners of Lacrosse Tower.<\/p>\n

The second notification email attached a report on Lacrosse Tower by the Fire Brigade entitled \u201cPost Incident Analysis Report\u201d, together with the design and construct contract. \u00a0The report stated that the Fire Brigade was not aware of any competitor aluminium \/ polyethylene panel product which had satisfied combustibility tests, and expressed the Fire Brigade\u2019s firm opinion that ACP without appropriate accreditation \/ certificates of conformity represented an unacceptable fire safety risk, given the need to prevent similar incidents. \u00a0The Fire Brigade\u2019s report contained hyperlinks to four media reports, suggesting that the Building Authority\u2019s audit had revealed a pattern of poor compliance with regulations, and that \u201cbuildings may be a risk to occupants in a fire situation\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

The Decision<\/strong><\/p>\n

His Honour Justice Jackman concluded that the notification emails clearly pointed to a wider problem than one confined to the Lacrosse Tower, or to Alucobest products.\u00a0 The reference to broader investigations, alongside the proposal form statement that 100% of the Policyholders\u2019 work in the last financial year related to high-rise buildings, had the effect of conveying to insurers that there was (at least) a real and tangible risk of the Policyholders facing claims for rectification of that aspect of its work on this building, and on others that it had constructed.<\/p>\n

Applying principles discussed in P&S Kauter Investments Pty Ltd v Arch Underwriting at Lloyd\u2019s Ltd<\/em> [2021] NSWCA 136, the Court acknowledged notification need not be given in a single document, nor the likely claimant(s) identified.\u00a0 Information included by hyperlinks formed part of the notification, since the task of clicking \u201cis not significantly more demanding than turning a physical page\u201d<\/em> – provided that the link is to a specific page or document. \u00a0Opinions expressed by public authorities with appropriate expertise (such as the Fire Brigade \u00a0or the Municipal Surveyor) were held to be capable of constituting \u201cfacts\u201d for the purpose of s.40(3), despite the contrary Federal Court decision in Uniting Church (NSW) v Allianz Australia Ltd<\/em> [2023] FCA 190.<\/em><\/p>\n

Given a clear causal connection between investigations reported in the notification emails, and later proceedings against the Policyholders, the Court concluded that insurers had been notified before expiry of the policies of facts giving rise to the Atlantis Claims, within the meaning of s.40(3).<\/p>\n

English Law\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Australia is a common law jurisdiction originating from the English legal system, applying statutory provisions enacted by its various states and federal governments.<\/p>\n

Policyholders are similarly able to make \u201chornets\u2019 nest\u201d notifications under English law, i.e. general notification of a problem even where the cause of the problem or its potential consequences are not yet known (HLB Kidsons v Lloyd\u2019s Underwriters <\/em>[2008]; Kajima UK Engineering v The Underwriter <\/em>[2008]; Euro Pools plc v RSA <\/em>[2019]).<\/p>\n

The operation of notification of circumstances provisions under liability policies is often contentious, and careful consideration should be given to the content and timing of notices to insurers, with supporting documents, to maximise the scope of cover.\u00a0 Policyholders should be mindful of precise wording in their PI policy conditions on the knowledge threshold for notifications (whether based on \u201cmay\u201d<\/em> or \u201clikely to\u201d<\/em> give rise to claims language), and ensure that the trigger remains consistent between policy years and insurance layers where possible, in order to avoid potential gaps in cover.<\/p>\n

Amy Lacey<\/a> is a Partner at Fenchurch Law<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A recent decision in the Federal Court of Australia provides guidance on broad professional indemnity insurance notifications for external cladding […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":243,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[247],"class_list":["post-323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-construction-risks"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCladding PI Notifications - A View from Down Under - Fenchurch Law APAC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fenchurchlaw.com\/en-sg\/cladding-pi-notifications-a-view-from-down-under\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cladding PI Notifications - 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